The Doughnut Model, developed by Oxford economist Kate Raworth, is a sustainability evaluation framework. It balances essential human needs (the social foundation) with planetary boundaries (the ecological ceiling). The safe and just space for humanity lies in the “doughnut” between these two limits. Falling short leads to deprivation; overshooting causes environmental harm. The model promotes a regenerative, distributive economy that respects both people and the planet. It has been applied in city planning, business strategies, and policy design to guide systemic transformation toward sustainability.